An Overview of Copyright

Dec 2022

WIPO defines copyright as the right of creators to ownership of their creations and to make use for commercial or other purposes. Copyright today covers literary creations, printed material, computer programs, data, audiovisual media, dance, paintings and drawings, photographs, sculpture, architecture, ad material, technical drawings and others that are the outcome of intellectual effort.

From covering only literary and artistic works, copyright today encompasses works of music, cinematography, audio, theatre and visuals. Technological innovations have broadened the scope of copyright necessitating amendments to cover technologies such as TV and internet.

In essence, copyright confers on the creator exclusive rights for a limited period to enjoy benefits of his intellectual and physical efforts. The creator has right to claim credit for his work and to grant rights to others to make use of his creation in its original or modified form in return for consideration. Copyright applies to any idea expressed in a substantive and identifiable form and not just the concept.

In earlier times governments applied copyright laws only to print media to give authors protection and right to enjoy fruits of their labour. Such laws are restricted to countries unless there is an international agreement in place. However, with the march of time, most copyright laws have become international in nature and are internationally standardized.

The nominal duration of copyright ranges from 50 to 100 years from the author’s demise when such author is known or for a shorter period when the author is unknown or when the creator is a business organization. Some countries require registration but most countries automatically confer copyright for any completed work. Civil legislation covers copyright with criminal laws applicable in some instances.

In today’s environment copyright laws balance rights of owner with interests of the public.

The scope of copyright laws:

Literature of all kinds whether published or unpublished including oral works and musical notations and lyrics.

  • Artistic works in the form of painting, drawing, etching, lithographs, 3 dimensional creations, computer generated art work, maps, technical drawings, photographs, motion picture or cinematography of all types.
  • Computer software ad programs.
  • Creative arts such as jewellery, wallpaper, furniture, handicrafts

Copyright applies usually to creations aimed at masses communicated through any type of media in any way. Vast in scope, it covers anything and everything produced by intellectual effort.

An incongruity is that copyright protects the outcome of the creative idea but not the idea itself that can be used by others to develop their own creations with their own copyright benefits.

The Universal Declaration of Human rights, article 27 states:

“Everyone has right to freely participate in the cultural life of the community to enjoy the arts and share in scientific advancements and its benefits.” And

“Everyone has the right to protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author.”

Trending Blogs
Copyright in the Digital World
These days, there is an increased use of smartphones, computers and tablets and multimedia has shown its great influence in our lives. In the digital world, there are several works used by us. Have you thought whose work are we using? Well, none of us have tried to find out the owner of the work […]
Read More
Breaking News: Toyota Loses Trademark Battle over Prius at Indian Supreme Court
The plaintiff, in this case, is Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha and they seek to prevent the defendant, a spare parts supplier by the name M/S Prius Auto Industries Limited, from the usage of the trademarks- “Toyota”, “Innova”, and “Prius”. According to the finding of the court, two of the three trademarks mentioned, namely Toyota and […]
Read More
Drug Patents and Generic Pharmaceutical Drugs
When a drug is manufactured and released to the market in the initial period, it is sold under a certain brand names and can only be availed from a pharmacy after being prescribed by the doctor. The patent of the drug is owned by a few brands who are the only eligible brands to manufacture […]
Read More
3D Printing and IPR
The three-dimensional or 3D printing service is different from the traditional way of manufacturing. In the 3D process, objects are created layer wise to get the desired three dimensional impacts. Since the inception of this latest idea in 1980s, it has gone through several changes in the technology used. This requires use of different production […]
Read More
Can Religious Symbols Be Registered As Trademarks?
Are you planning to register religious symbols as trademarks? Well, you should research thoroughly to understand the use of religious symbols as trademarks. You have to consider the sentiments of people before you plan to use regions symbol for your business. India being a secular country encourages different citizen follows different religions, practicing it and […]
Read More
India dropped to 40th position in International Intellectual Property Index
India has fallen to 40th position in the International Intellectual Property Index. This index helps know about the IP climate in the 53 global economies of the present year. This is as per the report US Chamber of Commerce’s Global Innovation Policy Center. As per last year’s report, India has been ranked in the 36th […]
Read More
Alibaba IPR Report Shows Ideal Brand Protection Program
As per sources, e-commerce giant, Alibaba group has successfully gained success using intellectual property rights-protection. The giant has been able to offer quality service due to well integration of the latest technological improvements coupled with partnerships with top-rated brands. Also, external stakeholders assisted the giant in offering quality service to proactively monitor, go through rights-holders […]
Read More
Trademarking surnames
Having difficult surnames may be challenging to explain others and also when you want to register the name as trademark. As per the trademark and merchandise act of 1958, it is stated that a mark can be refused if one choose a personal name or surname. Though, there is no such clear specification in the […]
Read More
The Clash Of Jurisdiction Of CCI And TRAI
Overlapping Jurisdiction The Competition Act, 2002 read with section 18 of the legislation delegates to the Competition Commission of India (the “CCI”) the duty of “promoting and sustaining competition” in the Indian economy. This implies that the CCI will have principal jurisdiction to regulate conditions of competition in the relevant market of India. Whereas, Section […]
Read More
Well Known Trademark And Indian Law
What is well-known trademark? As per new Trade Mark Rules 2017, a new procedure has been created that allows the Registrar to proclaim a particular trademark as “well known”. Section 2(1)(zg) Of The Trademark Act, 1999 states that well- known trademark is a mark which has become well known to the section of the public […]
Read More
X
Download Firm Profile